Thixotropy of Highly Loaded Coal-Water Mixtures

Shear thinning and thixotropy of HMHEC and HEC water solutions

Steady state viscosity and thixotropy of hydrophobically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose ~HMHEC! and nonassociative cellulose water solutions are studied. Although all the samples are shear thinning, only the HMHEC is thixotropic, since the migration of hydrophobes to micelles is controlled by diffusion. The Cross model fits steady state curves. The Mewis model, a phenomenological model that pr...

Catalytic Gasification of Coal using Eutectic Salt Mixtures

Oil agglomeration of weakly hydrophobic coals and coal/pyrite mixtures

Fine particle suspensions of various materials in water were agglomerated with heptane in a modified blender to determine the agglomeration characteristics of the solids. The materials included Upper Freeport coal, oxidized Upper Freeport coal, two batches of Illinois No. 6 coal, graphite, and iron pyrite. The response of these materials to oil agglomeration varied over a wide range and seemed ...

Mixtures of lecithin and bile salt can form highly viscous wormlike micellar solutions in water.

The self-assembly of biological surfactants in water is an important topic for study because of its relevance to physiological processes. Two common types of biosurfactants are lecithin (phosphatidylcholine) and bile salts, which are both present in bile and involved in digestion. Previous studies on lecithin-bile salt mixtures have reported the formation of short, rodlike micelles. Here, we sh...

Water dynamics in water/DMSO binary mixtures.

The dynamics of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)/water solutions with a wide range of water concentrations are studied using polarization selective infrared pump-probe experiments, two-dimensional infrared (2D IR) vibrational echo spectroscopy, optical heterodyne detected optical Kerr effect (OHD-OKE) experiments, and IR absorption spectroscopy. Vibrational population relaxation of the OD stretch of d...